Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess a remarkable ability to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This property has inspired extensive exploration in diverse fields, including biomedical imaging, therapeutics, and optoelectronics. However, the possible toxicity of UCNPs presents considerable concerns that necess

Quantum dots are the potential to revolutionize display technology by enabling brighter and more vibrant colors. These nanoscale semiconductors emit light of a specific color depending on their size, offering a wide range of tunable wavelengths. Unlike traditional displays that rely on bulky filters or phosphors, quantum dots here offer a direct li